Weird Killer Disease of Human from Bites and Stings

There are various kind of weird human disease caused by animal or insect bites. Some diseases are tick-borne disease or bites from infected animals or insects, or inhalation from dust with infected feces of infected animals. When we hear of mosquito bites, we always think about malaria disease, but mosquitoes are carrier of infectious diseases and most often are fatal to human and animals if left untreated. Here are some list of diseases and vectors of these disease, so we could be aware when we are out in the woods, maybe hunting or go to some river for fishing.

1) Dengue Fever

Some study say, Aedes Aegypti mosquito come out for their “prey” as early as 6:00 in the morning till 8:00 a.m and 4:00 pm to 6:00 p.m. before evening time.

Dengue fever also known as the backbone fever, is an infectious diseases caused by dengue virus from Aedes Aegypti mosquitoes stings. Dengue fever usually last for 3 to 7 days, but if left untreated it will lead to hemorrhagic fever which is fatal and causes death. More liquid intakes for the patients is needed to avoid dehydration or loss of body fluid.

Chikungunya Virus

Chikugunya virus is an insect-borne virus of the genus Alphavirus, and transmitted to human by Aedes mosquitoes, a virus carrier. Symptoms are similar to Dengue fever, that last 2 to 5 days with muscle pains and joints (arthralgic). Chikugunya means, “that which bends up virus” and come from Makonde (India) language.

Barmah Forest Virus

The Barmah Forest virus is non-fatal disease transmitted by mozzies carrier, or Cutex Annulirostris mosquito. In some cases, the virus is hosted by wild birds and marsupials.

Lymphatic Filariasis Elephantiasis

Lymphatic Filariasis Elephantiasis virus,  are transmitted to human by infected mosquitoes and spread parasitic worms called ” Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi and B. Timori. Elephantiasis disease, described by rough and thick skin, and underlying tissues, and most affected in the legs and genitals of male victim. Filariasis, or prodocomosis, is the medical term of Elephantiasis diesease.

Murray Valley Encephalitis

Murray Valley encephalitis virus, a disease endemic in Papua New Guinea and Australia, can cause death or permanent neurological disease to patients, and a zoonotic flavivirus, a mosquito-borne virus.

Onyong’yong virus come from Nilotic language of Uganda and Sudan, which means “weakening of the joints”. The virus is transmitted by Anopheles mosquito bites, it is sometimes compared to dengue virus.

2) Trombiculosis or Chigger Bites

Chiggers are commonly stays and found on the tip of grass-blades, to catch a host. Trombiculidae family mites are called ‘trombiculid mites’.

Tetanus

Untreate wound caused by animal or insect bites, cuts or deep-punctured wounds, and prolonged infections will lead to Tetanus infections and even gangrene.

3) Scabies or Seven Year Itch

The scabies disease also known as ” Seven Year itch”, is a contagious skin disease infection, caused by parasites mite, Sarcoptes Scabei, which digs under the patient’s skin, that causes severe itching allergy. Scabies in animals are called, “sarcoptic mange”.

4) African Eye Disease or Loa loa Filariasis

African Eyeworm also known as Calabar Swelling, and Fugitive Swelling, is a skin and eye disease transmitted by the nematode worm known as Loa loa through Chrysops Callidus (deer fly) and Chrysops SPP (mango fly), which is the human is made as natural reservoir for this disease. The African eyeworm deisease is very common in Cameroon, where Ogooue river is located and deerflies in this area are inhabitants.

5) Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP)

The Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a disease transmitted by yeast-like fungus, and recently there was an error classified as protozoa, Pneumocystis jirovecii. These microorganism or infectious agent is more common to humans and found in the lungs, most especially with cancer patients , HIV/AIDS patient or those people with weak immune systems.

6) Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis is a kind of parasitic disease contaminated by protozoan species such as “Toxoplasma Gondii”, and infects most of the genera of animals and humans with higher blood temperature or warm blooded. The most common host of this carriers is the felid cat family and animals are infected by eating infected meat or ingestion of the infected feces of the felid cats and flies that feed by the infected feces, and usually made droppings to raw meats or raw vegetables found in markets. The felid cats are always blamed for spreading the disease. AIDS patient, pregnant women and those person with weaker immune system can cause death if contaminated with Toxoplasmosis. Meritt Butrick, American actor known for his roles in Square Pegs and Star Trek film, died from AIDS and Toxoplasmosis.

Myiasis

Myiasis infectious disease is transmitted by parasitic dipterous fly larvae, and make the animal or human’s necrotic or living tissue as their host. Myiasis can cause toxemia or septicemia (sepsis, a potential deadly condition) and can lead to anorexia.

Cholera

Cholera is commonly endemic in Asia, because of uncooked food like oysters, clams or meat contaminated with parasitic flies. It is the infection of the small intestines caused by bacterium Vibrio Cholerae. transmitted by flies and insects and contaminate food and drinking waters. Symptoms are vomiting and watery diarrhea, and if left untreated is fatal to human, because of severe dehydration or loss of body fluids.

7) Lyme Disease

Lyme disease or Lyme boreliosis, is an infectious disease transmitted by tick bites. Symptoms of Lyme disease are: fever, headache, fatigue, depression and skin rashes (erythema migrans).

Typhus or Epidemic Louse-borne Typhus

Typhus also called, Camp fever, Jail fever, Hospital fever, Ship fever, famine fever, putrid fever, Louse-borne Typhus and Epidemic Louse-Borne Typhus. diseases that caused epidemic after wars, natural calamity and Rickettsia Prowazekii bacteria, transmitted through bits of Pediculus Humanus Corporis (human body louse). Human with “bacillus infection”, contaminate the body-louse and the infected louse excrete the virus trough their feces, and the disease infect humans by scratching boy-louse bites and the feces will be rubbed into the wound.

Typhoid Fever

Typhoid fever is a common epidemic disease worldwide, transmitted by taking food or drinking water, contaminated with infected feces of humans or animals and even insects, feed by human feces, infected by Salmonella Enterica Enterica, Serovar Typhi organisms. Typhoid fever is described as having slow-progress of high fever, excessive sweating, gastroenteritis, and rose-colored rashes. Prolonged Typhoid fever or untreated can lead to serious condition and suffer bradycardia, discomfort and uneasiness, severe headache and cough, nose bleeding and decrease of white blood cells (Leukopenia) accompanied by Eosinopenia and Lymphocytosis.

Pediculosis Pubis

Pediculosis Pubis also called Crabs or Pubic Lice, a disease caused by “crab louse”, Phthirus Pubis, a parasitic insect that infest human genitals and live in this areas. This pests lives in other areas where hair grows, and that includes eyelashes (Pediculosis Ciliaris)  and armpits.

9) Tick-Borne Encephalitis (TBE)

Tick-borne Encephalitis (TBE) is a viral infections from vector Ixodes Ricinus or sheep ticks, that attacks the nervous system and lead to chronic meningitis, encephalitis or meningoencephalitis. TBE is known as a “neurological disorder”. Most patients inflicted with TBE disease, could have permanent pathological condition, such as injury or trauma (neuropsychiatric sequelae) and patients are observe closely and in  some cases TBE is fatal.

10) Cat Scratch Disease (CSD)

The Cat-scratch disease (CSD) or cat-scratch fever also known as “Inoculation lymphoreticulosis” and “Subacute Regional Lymphadenitis”, a non-cancerous infectious disease, caused by Bartonella (intracellular bacterium). Children are most commonly infected from cat bites or scratch and acquire this kind of disease if untreated. Cats are the known to be the host of pathogen of an infectious disease  (natural reservoir) of the CSD.

11) Bartonella or Rochalimaea

Bartonella or Rochalimaea, is a low level taxonomic level of Gram-negative bacteria. Fleas, Sand-flies and mosquitoes are the insect vector to transmit the Bartonella disease to animals and humans, and most especially to cats, and cats transmit to human by bites or scratch. Bartonella is also known as Cat-scratch disease.

12) Hantavirus

Hantavirus is transmitted to human by rodent bites, urine, saliva or feces pf the rodents, and deadly disease to humans. It leads to “hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and ( HPS) hantavirus pulmonary syndrome.

13) Water borne Disease

Swimmers Itch also known as Carcarial dermatitis, is a skin disease of humans, infected by water-borne Schistosomatidae, or parasitic flatworms.

Schistosomiasis or Bilharzia

Schistosomiasis also known as Bilharzia, Bilharziosis or snail fever, a parasitic disease transmitted to humans by species of trematodes or platyhelminth infection of Schistosoma, a parasitic worms. The disease is often chronic disease and can destroy human internal organs. Slow  development or impaired development for the children affected with Bilharzia and increased risks for bladder cancer for the adults. Areas dominated with fresh water snails, that could be carrier of schistosoma bacteria,  like in Asia, Africa and North America are prone to this disease.

Leech Bites

Leeches feed on blood, and some leech species can bite. When the leech bites, they kept on attach on their host until they are full of blood. After the leech is removed, the wound from leech bites, bleed due to hirudin, secreted by leeches. They normally carry parasites that could be transmitted to humans, but not a threat to human, but if left untreated, the bacteria, virus and parasites from their previous bites can be threatening and lead to serious disease. Symptoms include red blotches or itchy rashes, swelling of bitten area, feeling faint or dizzy, severe allergy, anapylactic reaction, difficulty in breathing and requires immediate medical attention. In Cameroon, African leeches were found infected with HIV and Hepatitis B and could transmit it to other victims.

14) Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever or Black Typhus

Bolivian Hemorrhagic fever also called Black Typhus or Ordog Fever, is a disease caused by Zoonotic infectious disease, and hemorrhagic fever, commonly epidemic in Bolivia after the Machupo virus, and the vector for the deadly disease is the vesper mouse calomyscallosus. Symptoms are commonly with fever, discomfort, headaches and muscle pains and blood spots (petechia) and nose and gum bleeding, which is observed closely within the seven days.

15) Sodoku Fever

Sodoku fever also known as “rat-bite fever (RBF)”, is a bacterial zoonotic illness caused by Spirochaete Spirillum Minus, transmitted to humans by rat or other rodent family bites, saliva, increments, urine or scratch. Complications from this disease can lead to more serious condition, such as: Myocarditis, Endocarditis, Hepatitis, Splenomegaly, Meningitis and Lymphadenopathy (disease of the lymph nodes).

Puumala Virus (Hantavirus)

Bank Vole is the vector and reservoir of the Nephropathia Epidemica virus that infect humans through inhalation of dust from the Bank Vole’s droppings, and caused Hantavirus, also called Puumala Virus (named after Finland’s municipality, where the Hantavirus is commonly endemic.

16) H1N1 Influenza A Virus

H1N1 Influenza A virus, most common flu epidemic in China and other countries, is a kind of influenza A virus, and was the most common cause of human influenza. Strains of H1N1 are endemic to humans and some strains of H1N1 causes human flu infections and are endemic in Pigs (swine influenza) and chickens (Avian influenza).

17) Henipavirus

Henipavirus, is a low level taxonomic member of Paramyxoviridae family, order Mononeyaviales, with Hendravirus and Nipahvirus members. Henipavirus are the reservoir of Pteropid flying foxes or bats, and are characterized by big content of organism, and host as zoonotic pathogens that carries viruses leading to chronic illness and death to humans, that causes Encephalitic, resulting to Meningitis.

18) Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease (CJD)

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), is a neurodegenerative brain disease which has no cure and oftentimes are fatal. The CJD are sometimes called human form of  Mad Cow Disease, that Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy, is the cause of Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseases in human. Prion is a type of infectious disease transmitted to human by eating contaminated beef meat. CJD symptoms are dementia leading to memory loss, hallucinations and change of personality.

19) Hepatitis B Virus

Hepatitis B virus is a type of virus species Ortho Hepadnavirus which accompanied by three other species such as; the Ground Squirrel Hepatitis virus, Woodchuck Hepatitis virus and Wooly yellow tailed monkey, the vector for Hepa B virus.

20) Marburg Virus

The Marburg virus, also known as Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever, is related to Ebola, if the victim survive and can recover from this deadly disease, usually prompt and complete recovery. But in some cases, prolonged illness of MHF, it leads to inflammation of internal organs, including orchitis (inflammation of testicles), inflammation of the liver(hepatitis), transverse myelitis (spinal cord), eye disease called Uveitis and parotitis (salivary gland).

Ebola Virus

Ebola virus is compared to Marburg virus or Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever (MHF), which is blamed to monkeys as the natural reservoir for the Ebola virus (EBOV), transmitted to human, and lead to high mortality of Ebola viral infecion and causes Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever (EHF). The Ebola is named after Zaire( now Republic of Congo) river, the Ebola River. Simian hemorrhagic fever virus (SHFV) has the highest organisms in monkeys.

Patas monkeys, Wadi or Hussar monkeys are known as the natural reservoir of Ebola virus.

21) Snake Bites

Snakes are known as venomous animals and bites of snakes are fatal. There are snakes that are not that venomous, but snake bites or wound if untreated could lead to severe gangrene or necrosis of tissues.

22) Irukandji Syndrome

The Irukandji syndrome is the condition caused by Carukia Barnesi, a species of Irukandji jellyfish and Box Jellyfish (cubozoans). The Irukandji syndrome’s symptoms include vomiting, severe pain from the sting area, and rapid rise of blood temperature, cardiac arrest and death.

23) Spider bites or sting

Bites from spiders such as Black-wishbone spider, causes “necrotic wound” if left untreated or immediate medical attention. In some cases though spiders are non-venomous, they can transmit diseases to humans.

Bee and Wasps stings with Venom

Insects or animals with venom, has variety of toxins used to attack their victims by bites or stings, and directly inject into the Lymphatic system, which differ from poison, which is inhaled or ingested into the victims tracts.

24) West Nile Virus

The West Nile virus, mainly affects animals and birds, but recently studies shows that it affect humans through infected mosquito bites and produces 3 kinds of infections to humans, such as, disease of a patient carrier of WNV, mild fever or Pyreia or Hyperthemia WNV and Meningitis WNV and Encephalitis (acute inflammation of the brain).

25) Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS)

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a respiratory disease in humans caused by SARS coronavirus (SARS>CoV) and findings of atypical pneumonia or respiratory distress syndrome. Symptoms are flu-like fever, myalgia (muscle pain), lethargy (fatigue or exhaustion), gastro-intestinal symptoms, severe cough, sorethroat and shortness of breath. SARS, Henipavirus (or Nipah virus or Hendra virus) and even Ebola virus are bats vectors of the disease, but in some studies the Palm Civet, are across-species of SARS to human.